Porous materials for oil spill cleanup: a review of the synthesis and absorbing properties. This paper reviews the synthesis and the absorbing properties of the wide variety of porous sorbent materials that have been studied for application in the removal of organics, particularly in the area of oil spill cleanup IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING, VOL. 13, Oil-Spill-Response-Oriented Information Products Derived From a Rapid-Repeat Time Series of SAR Images Martine M. Espeseth, Cathleen E. Jones, Member, IEEE, Benjamin Holt, Member, IEEE, Camilla Brekke, Member, IEEE, and Stine Skrunes, Member, IEEE Sep 29, · Oil and Chemical Spill Research Publications. Scientists from the Emergency Response Division (ERD) of NOAA's Office of Response and Restoration frequently conduct research on oil and chemical spill topics, both within NOAA and with other agencies and partners. Below is a sampling of their publications, grouped by year
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Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Oil-Spill-Response-Oriented Information Products Derived From a Rapid-Repeat Time Series of SAR Oil spill research paper IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Oil spill research paper Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. Cathleen Jones. Download Download PDF Full PDF Package Download Full PDF Package This Paper.
A short summary of this paper. Oil-Spill-Response-Oriented Information Products Derived From a Rapid-Repeat Time Series of SAR Images. EspesethCathleen E. Jonesoil spill research paper, Member, IEEE, Benjamin HoltMember, IEEE, Camilla BrekkeMember, IEEE, and Stine SkrunesMember, IEEE Abstract—New quantitative and semiautomated methods for operational services. Within the research community, and explored.
In this study, two methods that are complementary in terms of identifying temporal changes within an oil slick are studies using a single SAR scene have demonstrated the potential presented. The two methods reflect two ways of evaluating the oil to characterize physical properties within oil slicks, specifically slicks. The first method identifies regions within the slick that show the thickness and the volumetric fraction of oil [1]—[9].
Studies persistently high damping ratio the contrast between clean sea and have observed that thicker oil, including weathered emulsified oil intensityusing higher damping values as a proxy for increasing oil, causes more damping of the capillary and short gravity oil thickness.
This method also weights the age of the scenes as the algorithm incorporates new images. The second method outputs the waves and thus appears darker in SAR than thinner oil layers short-term drift pattern and the changes in the damping ratios and e. With this information available, it copolarization ratios between two scenes, proxies for thickness, and is possible to detect actionable oil in an operational response emulsification. Both methods can aid in identifying regions of high setting.
priority for oil recovery. Due to the simplicity of the methods, they A single SAR scene is valuable when obtaining a snapshot can be adapted to time-series data from different types of sensors, e. The methods are demonstrated on view of an oil spill. Tracking the evolution of a slick requires three L-band uninhabited aerial vehicle SAR UAVSAR time series several images of the same slick, i. The Canyon Block 20 of the Gulf of Mexico. the drift pattern and the oil extent, two important factors that Index Terms—Copolarization ratio, damping ratio, oil spill, can aid in assessing the potential environmental impacts from oil spill response, polarimetry, synthetic aperture radar SARsuch hazards.
For example, both optical and SAR time series uninhabited aerial vehicle synthetic aperture radar UAVSAR. In YNTHETIC aperture radar SAR instruments are a key S operational monitoring tool for detection of marine oil spills. Most commonly, a single SAR image is used to identify this study, we consider how a series of SAR images acquired with short revisit time minutes to hours can be used to identify areas within oil slicks of relatively thicker or more persistent location, extent, and, if possible, the source of the spill.
This oil and their short-term drift patterns. This study introduces information is often available in oil spill detection reports from complementary oil spill research paper products that could be valuable in the recovery process, where timely oil spill research paper of the spill is Manuscript received October 29, ; revised January 27,April 1, important. We demonstrate that combining the temporal aspect,and May 15, ; accepted June 4, Date of publication June 19, ; date of current version July 2, This work was funded by the Centre using multiple SAR images with short repeat times, with charac- for Integrated Remote Sensing and Forecasting for Arctic Operations under terization of an oil spill can provide new information to improve RCN Grant This research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion decision making during clean-up.
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Order NNN13DT. Corre- Studies with short repeat time series using SAR images have sponding author: Martine M.
demonstrated oil spill research paper potential of using the damping ratio to ex- Martine M. Espeseth, Camilla Brekke, and Stine Skrunes are with the Depart- tract oil spill research paper about the transport, oil spill research paper, evolution, and change in ment of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway e-mail: martine.
espeseth uit. no; camilla. brekke uit. no; SAR properties on a short time scale see [11] and [16]. The stine. skrunes uit. methodologies presented in this study are aimed at creating map Cathleen E.
Jones and Benjamin Holt are with the Jet Propulsion Labora- products that combine all of this information to quantify and tory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA e-mail: cathleen. jones jpl, oil spill research paper. gov; benjamin. holt jpl. visually depict the temporal evolution of the slick in an easily Digital Object Identifier This work is oil spill research paper under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.
manual or automatic segmentation algorithms. Such infor- mation can be used as input to improve the oil spill response 0 Here, σVV is the radar cross section σ 0 in VV polarization, and clean-up process by reducing reliance on visual analysis, 0,sea θ is the incidence angle, and σVV is the radar cross section which can lead to limited, biased, or subjective conclusions. from the clean sea surrounding the oil slick. Following the The analysis is conducted on three-time oil spill research paper, each consisting established literature, the damping ratio is calculated as the of between six and nine uninhabited aerial vehicle synthetic inverse of the ratio of the pixel value to the clean sea pixel aperture radar UAVSAR scenes, covering a persistent oil seep value for the same incidence angle.
The oil spill research paper ratio in the Gulf of Mexico. This area is used as the test case for CPR is the ratio of the HH- horizontal transmit and horizontal demonstrating the potential of the suggested methods because receive and VV-intensity, and the contrast is calculated as the the slick formed from oil spill research paper seep often exhibits variations in oil inverse ratio to the clean sea values, consistent with the damping properties within the slick see, oil spill research paper, e.
ratio formula, and given the abbreviation CPRc. The reason is that the marine surface oil investigated in this study spans a significant range of incidence angles, thereby introducing an II, oil spill research paper. SELECTED SAR FEATURES incidence angle dependence for this feature across the oil slick.
Taking the ratio of an area covering clean sea and oil for a given A number of features extracted from quad-polarimetric SAR feature e. tect and characterize oil see, e. The VV return is in general higher than the HH return for ocean For daily monitoring, the single-polarization one polarization features, thereby producing CPR values between 0 and 1.
DRVV channel or the conventional dual-polarization one linear co- can be extracted from a single-polarimetric SAR system, where and cross-polarization channel SAR mode is preferred over only the VV channel is needed.
CPRc needs a dual-polarimetric the quad-polarimetric mode four polarization channels due to system with HH and VV capabilities such as those carried by its typically larger image swath. However, using the single- or TerraSAR-X and the Radarsat Constellation Mission. dual-polarization SAR comes at a cost of oil spill research paper polarimetric in- formation, which might result in limitations when, for example, oil spill research paper, A.
VV-Damping Ratio attempting to characterize the oil slicks. In a response situation, where the oil spill location is already known, multipolarization The damping ratio has been observed to show a high contrast and high spatial resolution are more important than large spatial between oil and clean sea.
According to the Bragg scattering coverage. theory, the damping ratio is a measure of the difference in The two main physical factors impacting the interaction be- spectral energy density of the ocean surface waves between tween the incoming radar signal and the surface oil are the oil-free and oil-covered surfaces [10].
The damping ratio has dielectric properties and the roughness of the scattering surface. been shown to be sensitive to relative thickness variations within In open water, the small-scale roughness induced by the wind is mineral oil slicks, oil spill research paper, where thicker oil causes more damping of the higher in the surrounding clean sea compared to the oil-covered capillary and short gravity waves [3], oil spill research paper, [10]—[12].
Gade et al. The dielectric permittivity of seawater is much higher Bragg wavenumber and observed that L-band SAR measured than that of oil. For a thin oil layer, the oil dielectric properties a lower damping ratio compared to C- and X-band SAR at the do not affect the backscatter amplitude in a measurable way, but same incidence angle.
SAR instru- lated with the thickest parts of the oil. A recent study [20] based ments measure only the response from the upper surface, not in on a laboratory experiment using oil emulsion and crude oil the water column, due to little penetration of microwaves into with different thicknesses demonstrated that the damping ratio seawater, oil spill research paper.
Hence, the oil droplets located in the water column increased with oil thickness using X- to Ka-band radarsbut will not be detected by SAR. reached a maximum damping ratio value at a given oil thickness We have selected two features that can be related to roughness threshold at 1—2 mm for oil emulsion. Higher damping was and the dielectric property. The first feature is the contrast also reported for crude oil compared to emulsified oil in [20]. between the VV vertical transmit and vertical receive intensity Airborne measurements and cruise surveys near the Mississippi in clean sea versus oil, named the damping ratio DRVV see [2] Canyon Block 20 MC slick the same oil slick studied here and the second is the copolarization ratio contrast CPRc.
The reported oil thickness in the oil spill research paper 0. Study area and the oil slick area covered by the UAVSAR. Wind information is collected from the NOAA BURL1 station orange circleNOAA buoy purple circleand NOAA buoy green circle.
The yellow circle shows the location of the persistent seep in MC see, e. The three different tones of gray show the coverage of the joint oil slick masks from the segmentation of the total set of scenes from TS-1, TS-2, and TS-3 from dark to light, respectively. The panel shows the evolution of the wind vectors from three buoys measured during the time period of the three sets of UAVSAR data.
The wind velocities are converted to U crude oil [11], [13], [21]. As described in [13] oil spill research paper [21] and properties must be altered by the oil. This means that the oil oil spill research paper studies regarding this site, there is considerable patchiness layer thickness must be comparable to the penetration depth1 of within the oil slicks in this region, ranging from rainbow sheen the radar order of mm for L-bandso that the backscattered to fresh oil and emulsions, with the thicker components covering signal comes from the oil layer itself.
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IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING, VOL. 13, Oil-Spill-Response-Oriented Information Products Derived From a Rapid-Repeat Time Series of SAR Images Martine M. Espeseth, Cathleen E. Jones, Member, IEEE, Benjamin Holt, Member, IEEE, Camilla Brekke, Member, IEEE, and Stine Skrunes, Member, IEEE Sep 29, · Oil and Chemical Spill Research Publications. Scientists from the Emergency Response Division (ERD) of NOAA's Office of Response and Restoration frequently conduct research on oil and chemical spill topics, both within NOAA and with other agencies and partners. Below is a sampling of their publications, grouped by year One of the largest oil spill disasters in recent times was the accident of the oil tanker Prestige in front of the Galician coast in Thousands of people participated in the cleanup of the contaminated areas, being exposed to a complex mixture of toxic substances
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